This book summarizes the current knowledge about continuous cover forestry in Finland, Sweden and Norway.

With principal component analysis (PCA), researchers can quickly estimate genetic parameters for production, climate, and wood properties – even from large datasets with complex relationships.

Effective regeneration is crucial for sustainable forestry. Today, mechanical soil preparation and manual planting dominate, but finding labor for the physically demanding work is difficult.

The moose’s food intake depends on availability and palatability of different forage. A study in mountain forests provides insight in what moose eat during winter in forests without young pine trees.

Some ash trees are more resistant to ash dieback. By studying the trees’ genes, researchers have discovered important factors for tolerance – insights that may help preserve the species.

To maintain biodiversity in managed boreal pine forests, strategic restoration can actively re-create the variation of dead wood.